Telescope



(No Model.)

J.PA0LI.

TELBSGGPB.

PatentedRDec. 3, 1889.

N. PETERS, Pnom-tivhogmpher. wnhinglon, livv C.

UNITEDl STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOI-IN PAOLI, OF I-IOBOKEN, NEV JERSEY.

r TELESCOPE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,270, dated December 3, 1889.

Application filed Angus. 30, 1889. Serial No. 322,468. (No model.)

To all whom it 11mg/ concern.-

Be it known I, JOHN PAOLI, of Hobokemin the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Telescopes, of which the following` is a specification.

The inyention is intended, mainly, for use in surveying-instruments, and I will describe it as thus applied. It is intended to maintain tight and easy- Contact between parts which are movable relatively one to another- Telescopes in surveying -instruments require to be very steadily held while allowing changes in the relations of their parts to adapt the instrument to different distances and to the eyes of different observers. I provide for attaining' these ends very completely.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification, and represent what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention.

Figure 1 is a plan view. Fig. 2 is a horizontal central section. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line xa: in Fig. 2. The remaining figures represent certain parts detached. Fig. 4. is an end view of the adjnstive head or wheel which sets the tube carrying the object-glass F, and Fig. 5 is a side view of the eye-piece.

.Similar letters of reference indicate corre-v sponding parts in all the figures where they appear.

A is the main tube or case of the telescope. Portions rigidly fixed thereto will be designated by same letters with a supernumeral, as A. It is mounted in the ordinary relation to the other parts of a surveying-instrument. (Not shown.)

All the features not herein represented or described will be of any ordinary or suitable construction.

. B is an ordinary eye-piece, and C an ordinary adjusting-ring vadjusted in position by screws C', tapped through bosses in the case A. It performs the usual function of adjusting the forward end of the eye-piece B to the axial line, allowing it to be shifted forward and backward in the usual manner.

D is a bearing-ring bored cylindrically to match the exterior of the eye-piece B and allow it to be shifted forward and backward. The exterior of this ring D is spherical, and

is received in corresponding bearings on the interior of the rings A A2, which are firmly fixed. to the interior of the tube A. The spherical form of the exterior of D and of the corresponding interior surfaces of A A2 allow a iirni bearing to be maintained.

K is the ordinary ring carrying the crosswires, and is adjusted relatively to the axis by screws K. The tube A support-s an extension-tube E, which carries an object-glass F, mounted in any ordinary or suitable manner. The arrangement allows the front end of the eye-piece to be adjusted up, down, or laterally in either direction to any required extent, while the spherical exterior of the bearing-ring D, rolling in the corresponding spherically-concave surfaces of the rings A A2, maintains a tight and steady contact between the rear end of the eye-piece and the case A. E is a rack mounted inthe ordinary position a little wit-hin the interior of the front tube E. Instead of fixing this rack rigidly to the tube E, it is connected by a peculiar spring in the form of a semi-tube E2, of hard brass, fixed to the interior of the tube on the opposite side by screws E3. This semitube E2 lies sufficiently within the interior of the tube E to allow it to spring, so that the rack E may .yield This allows for maintaining a tight contact of the rack with the impelling-pinion after an appreciable amount has been worn from the teeth of each. It also allows for the unequal action of the teeth at different periods in their engagement and disengagement. It also, and obviously, allows for any slight irregular movements due to any want of absolute perfection in the original forms of the parts. The. length and thickness of the spring E2 is sufficient to transmit the longitudinal motion to the tube E with promptness and completeness. The outer end of thetube .I is finished square. The inner endis open on the under side. The upper portion of the tube J embraces the pinion and support its efficiently,while allowing the lower portion of said pinion to act on the rack through the opening. j G is a wide pinion connected by a conical neck G with the shaft G2, on which latter is fitted a milled head H, having a conical neck H in a position the reverse of the neck G.

Both these conical portions and the short IOO length of shaft Gi, exposed between them, are inclosed within a corresponding ring I, of vul` canized liber. The exterior of the ring I is cylindrical. Its interior matches the conical parts wit-hin.

J is a short tube, of brass, inelosin g the whole and standin at right angl'es to the axis of the telescope. It is supported in a short sleeve A3, soldered or otherwise fixed on the tube A. The exterior of the tube J carries a spur J', which is received in an open slot a in the tube A. rlhis allows the tube J to be removed at will, but holds it against being revolved.

The union of the wheel II l'I with the shaft G2 is effected by the aid of a nut H2. In adjusting the instrument for use this nut is screwed up and the conical parts G Il are drawn together, thereby distending the fibrous ring I until there is a firm bearing between all the parts. The pinion G, turned by the wheel H, is held with steadiness within the interior of the tube J, and, acting on the yielding rackE, adjusts the tube E forward and backward to focus the object without the liability of jarring motions experienced with the ordinary means of adjustment.

I claim as my invention l. The telescope-case A with its spherically-concaved rings A A2 and securing lneans A3, in combination with the bearing-ring D, spherical on its exterior and cylindrical in its interior, and with the eyepiece B, front ring C,and adjusting lneans C', arranged for joint operation substantially as herein specified.

2. In a telescope, the case A, eye-piece B,

and spherical bearing l), iu combination with each other and with the eross-wire carrier K and with the longitudinally-adjustable tube E, and means for adjusting it, all arranged for joint operation substantially as herein specified.

3. The telescope-ease A, carrying the eyepiece B and suitable holding and adjusting means, the tube E, adjustable therein,carry ing theobjeetive F, and the rack E', mounted on the tube E through the intervention of the spring E2, adapted to receive a steady longitudinal movement through the engagement of a pinion G with said rack and to allow for irregular motions of the latter,substantially as herein specified,

1t. The telescope-eases A and E, carrying the eye-piece and objective, respectively,with suitable means for guiding and supporting each, and with the pinion G, having a conieal neck G and shaft G2, and an operatinghead Il, having a conical neck II and a yielding double conical ring I, all mounted within a tube J at about right angles to the axis of ,the telescope, and with an elastieally-moun ted rack E', arranged for joint operation as herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at Hoboken, New Jersey, this 23d day of August, 1889, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN PAOLI.

Witnesses:

JoHN RAABE, A. ABEL. 

